Combatting Antimicrobial Resistance: The Critical Role of Healthcare Providers in Prevention and Management

Abstract

Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) has emerged as a critical global health challenge, threatening effective treatment of infectious diseases. Driven by overuse, misuse, and lack of regulation in both human and veterinary medicine, AMR results in increased mortality, prolonged illness, and significant economic impacts. Efforts to combat AMR focus on antimicrobial stewardship (AMS), involving rational prescription practices, diagnostics, and hospital hygiene protocols. The World Health Assembly’s Global Action Plan (GAP) outlines five strategic priorities, including raising awareness, improving research, enhancing sanitation, optimizing antimicrobial use, and fostering sustainable investment in new treatments. International collaboration among governments, agencies, and organizations is key to addressing AMR through surveillance, improved diagnostics, and regulatory frameworks. The One Health approach underlines the interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health in AMR mitigation. Vaccines reduce antimicrobial demand by preventing infections, and community engagement fosters behavioral changes to reduce AMR. However, barriers to AMS implementation include resource limitations, lack of training, and regulatory gaps. By addressing these challenges and promoting collaborative efforts, AMS programs can enhance patient outcomes, reduce resistance, and support long-term public health sustainability.