Burnout Syndrome and Its Associated Factors among Nurses Working in Intensive Care Units at Governmental Hospitals in Taif City, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Burnout syndrome (BOS) is a significant occupational health issue among nurses working in intensive care units (ICUs), particularly in high-stress environments such as governmental hospitals in Taif City, Saudi Arabia. This psychological condition, characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a reduced sense of personal accomplishment, has profound implications for both nurses and healthcare systems. Nurses in ICUs face immense physical and emotional demands, including prolonged shifts, high patient acuity, and exposure to life-and-death situations, which increase their vulnerability to BOS.

This review explores the multifaceted factors contributing to BOS among ICU nurses, including individual, organizational, and systemic stressors. The impact of BOS is far-reaching, leading to reduced job performance, increased medical errors, and compromised patient safety. Additionally, BOS contributes to high turnover rates and absenteeism, exacerbating staffing shortages and straining healthcare systems.

Effective strategies for mitigating BOS involve a combination of individual and organizational interventions. Stress management techniques, resilience training, and fostering a supportive work culture are essential in empowering nurses to cope with workplace challenges. Institutional measures, such as optimal nurse-to-patient ratios, leadership support, and mental health resources, play a pivotal role in preventing and managing BOS.

The review emphasizes the urgent need for systemic changes at policy and organizational levels to address BOS. By implementing targeted interventions and fostering a healthy work environment, healthcare institutions can enhance nurse well-being, improve patient care outcomes, and ensure the sustainability of ICU services.