The Interplay Between Health Literacy and Digital Health Tools: Implications for Enhancing Patient Engagement and Public Health Outcomes in Diverse Populations

Abstract

Background: The integration of digital technologies in healthcare has the potential to improve patient engagement and health outcomes. However, disparities in digital literacy can exacerbate existing health inequities. This study aims to explore the intersection of health literacy and digital tools, focusing on the implications for patient engagement and public health.

Methods: A comprehensive scoping review was conducted, utilizing databases such as Medline, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The search included terms related to digital health literacy, telehealth, vulnerable populations, and health outcomes. The review emphasized recent, well-cited studies published in English.

Results: The findings indicate that digital health literacy, often conflated with eHealth and telehealth literacy, varies significantly across demographic groups, particularly impacting older adults, minorities, and those with lower educational attainment. Many individuals exhibit a lack of confidence in navigating digital health resources, which can hinder their engagement with healthcare services. Despite the proliferation of digital health tools, a substantial portion of the population remains disconnected due to inadequate digital literacy, reinforcing the "digital divide."

Conclusion: Enhancing digital health literacy is essential for mitigating health disparities and improving patient engagement in the digital age. Future research should prioritize the development of targeted interventions to foster digital literacy among underrepresented populations, ensuring equitable access to digital health resources. The need for inclusive strategies that consider patients' perspectives is paramount in bridging the digital gap.