Nursing Interventions for the Management and Care of Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a significant global health issue, ranking as the third leading cause of death worldwide. Effective management requires a comprehensive approach involving healthcare professionals, particularly nurses, who play a critical role in patient education, symptom management, and promoting self-efficacy.

Methods: This systematic review conducted a thorough literature search from 2009 to 2023 across PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. It focused on nurse-led interventions for COPD patients, examining their effects on physical health, quality of life, and psychological well-being.

Results: The review identified a variety of nurse-led interventions, including health education, telemonitoring, and cognitive behavioral therapy. Findings indicated significant improvements in patients' physical status, reduced hospital admissions, and enhanced quality of life. Additionally, interventions that included telecare demonstrated a reduction in anxiety and depressive symptoms among patients. However, variability in study designs and outcomes limited the conclusiveness of some results.

Conclusion: Nurse-led interventions are effective in managing COPD, enhancing both physical and mental health outcomes. The integration of nursing care models into COPD management can lead to improved patient satisfaction and quality of life. Future research should focus on standardizing intervention protocols and exploring the long-term effects of nurse-led care on COPD patients.