Abdominal Compartment Syndrome: The Contributing Role of Pharmacists and Nursing

Abstract

Background: Abdominal Compartment Syndrome (ACS) is a critical condition caused by increased intra-abdominal pressure (IAP), which compromises organ perfusion and can lead to multi-organ failure if left untreated. It is particularly prevalent among critically ill patients, and its early recognition and management are crucial to patient survival. Despite advances in diagnosis and management, ACS remains underdiagnosed, and a gap in care exists regarding the involvement of pharmacists and nursing staff in its management.

Aim: This article aims to explore the contributing role of pharmacists and nursing professionals in the management of ACS, emphasizing collaborative care, early identification, and timely intervention to mitigate the severe consequences of the syndrome.

Methods: A review of existing literature, clinical guidelines, and case studies was conducted to evaluate the current role of pharmacists and nurses in ACS management. Key aspects such as monitoring, early diagnosis, pharmacologic interventions, and patient care strategies were examined.

Results: Pharmacists contribute by optimizing medication management, particularly in managing fluid balance and ensuring appropriate drug dosing for critically ill patients. Nurses are crucial in monitoring patients for signs of ACS and intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH), implementing early interventions, and providing continuous patient care. Both healthcare professionals work together to ensure timely recognition and appropriate management to prevent the progression of ACS.

Conclusion: Early detection and collaborative care involving pharmacists and nursing staff are essential in preventing ACS-related complications. The management of ACS requires interdisciplinary teamwork to ensure optimal patient outcomes, and the involvement of healthcare professionals beyond the physicians, particularly pharmacists and nurses, is critical in improving care quality.