Addressing the Gap in Training for Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Background: Individuals with mental health conditions face significantly higher mortality rates compared to the general population, with physical health issues contributing to this disparity. Mental health nurses play a crucial role in addressing these physical health needs; however, gaps in their training and confidence hinder effective care delivery. This review aims to evaluate the current literature on mental health nurses' experiences and competencies related to physical health care.

Methods: A review was conducted across five electronic databases: CINAHL, PubMed, MedLine, Scopus, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. Studies published from 1994 to 2023 were included, focusing on mental health nurses’ knowledge, skills, and attitudes towards physical health interventions. Both interventional and observational studies were analyzed to assess the effectiveness of training programs and to identify barriers to care.

Results: The review revealed significant variability in mental health nurses’ engagement in physical health care, with many reporting low confidence and insufficient training. While some studies indicated improvements in knowledge and attitudes following targeted educational interventions, others highlighted persistent gaps in practice. The findings suggest a pressing need for enhanced training programs that equip nurses with the necessary skills to address the physical health of patients effectively.

Conclusion: Addressing the training gap for mental health nurses is essential for improving the physical health outcomes of individuals with mental health conditions. Future research should focus on developing and evaluating comprehensive training curricula that enhance nurses’ competencies and confidence in providing physical health care. Increased collaboration between mental health and physical health services will also be crucial in ensuring holistic patient care.