The Role of Oncology Nurses in Managing Side Effects of Cancer Treatment

Abstract

Background: Cancer is a leading cause of mortality worldwide, necessitating effective management of treatment side effects, particularly extravasation of chemotherapy agents. Extravasation can lead to significant complications, emphasizing the crucial role of oncology nurses in patient care.

Methods: This systematic review analyzed literature from 2004 to 2023, utilizing databases such as Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed. The study focused on the knowledge and practices of oncology nurses regarding chemotherapy extravasation management. Key search terms were derived from MeSH descriptors and included Boolean operators to refine results.

Results: The review identified critical barriers in nursing practice, including insufficient knowledge of extravasation signs, risk factors, and management protocols. It highlighted the importance of specialized training programs for nurses, which significantly improved their competency and reduced patient complaints related to extravasation. Evidence indicated that well-structured educational initiatives enhanced nurses' ability to detect early signs of vascular damage and implement appropriate interventions.

Conclusion: Effective management of chemotherapy extravasation is essential for improving patient outcomes and quality of life. This systematic review underscores the need for ongoing education and training for oncology nurses to equip them with the necessary skills to manage and mitigate complications associated with chemotherapy. Future research should focus on developing targeted training programs and assessing their impact on nursing practice and patient safety.