The Efficacy of Integrated Multidisciplinary Nursing and Pharmacy Models in Enhancing Patient Outcomes among Individuals with Chronic Kidney Disease: Review

Abstract

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant global health issue, affecting approximately 11% to 13% of the population worldwide. Its associated comorbidities, such as hypertension and diabetes, compound the healthcare burden. Effective management strategies are essential to improve patient outcomes and reduce healthcare costs.

Methods: This systematic review analyzed studies published from 2007 to 2023 across four databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL) to evaluate the impact of multidisciplinary care (MDC) on CKD patient outcomes. The review focused on the composition of MDC teams, the nature of interventions, and health outcomes, with a particular emphasis on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) changes and other clinical indicators.

Results: The review identified a total of 11 relevant studies. Findings indicated that MDC interventions significantly delayed eGFR decline and reduced the risk of requiring renal replacement therapy. Notably, patients receiving MDC exhibited superior management of comorbidities such as hypertension and improved biochemical markers. However, inconsistencies were observed in secondary outcomes, including hospitalization rates and blood pressure management, highlighting variability in the effectiveness of MDC across different settings and populations.