Advances and Innovations in 3D Printing Technologies for the Development of Customized Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Background: The pharmaceutical industry is experiencing a transformative shift toward personalized medicine, driven by advances in 3D printing technologies. Unlike traditional manufacturing, which relies on subtractive methods, 3D printing employs additive techniques to create complex drug formulations tailored to individual patient needs.

Methods: This review systematically examines various 3D printing technologies, such as binder jetting (BJ-3DP), fused deposition modeling (FDM), and selective laser sintering (SLS). A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases to analyze the current applications, benefits, and challenges of 3D printing in pharmaceuticals, focusing on its capacity for customized dosing and rapid production.

Results: Findings indicate that 3D printing enhances drug personalization, allowing for tailored dosages suitable for specific populations, such as children and the elderly. The technology facilitates precise control over drug release profiles and accelerates the production process, significantly reducing the time and costs associated with traditional methods. Notable advancements include the development of 3D-printed medications like Spritam®, which exemplify the potential for immediate-release formulations that meet diverse therapeutic needs.

Conclusion: This review highlights the significant impact of 3D printing on pharmaceutical manufacturing, emphasizing its role in advancing personalized medicine. As the technology matures, regulatory frameworks will need to evolve to ensure safety and efficacy. The future of 3D-printed pharmaceuticals appears promising, with ongoing research poised to refine and expand its applications in tailored drug delivery.