Privacy Concerns in Big Data and Health Information Analytics: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Background: The advent of big data and health information systems (HISs) has transformed healthcare delivery, enhancing data management and clinical decision-making. However, this digitalization raises significant privacy and security concerns regarding patient health information.

Methods: This literature review systematically examines various technologies employed in HISs, focusing on their capabilities to safeguard patient data. The review encompasses studies from multiple databases, including Scopus and PubMed, identifying key privacy-preserving technologies such as blockchain, mobile health applications, the Internet of Things (IoT), and cloud computing.

Results: Results indicate that while these technologies improve accessibility and efficiency, they also present unique security challenges, including unauthorized access and data breaches. The findings emphasize the need for robust frameworks that prioritize patient privacy and security, aligning with regulations like HIPAA in the U.S. and GDPR in Europe.

Conclusion: This review concludes that integrating advanced security measures, continuous staff training, and regulatory compliance is essential for enhancing patient trust and ensuring the confidentiality of health information in the era of big data.