Advancements in Family-Centered Care Approaches in Neonatal Nursing: Review of Contemporary Practices Impacts on Care Quality in Neonatal Intensive Care Units

Abstract

Background: The evolution of neonatal nursing care in intensive care units (NICUs) emphasizes the critical role of family involvement in the caregiving process. The Newborn Individualized Developmental Care and Assessment Program (NIDCAP) promotes a tailored approach to care, addressing the developmental needs of neonates while recognizing the family as integral caregivers.

Methods: This systematic review analyzed literature published between 2013 and 2023 across five databases: PubMed, Cochrane, CINHAL, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The search focused on empirical studies that examined the perspectives of healthcare professionals regarding family engagement in NICUs. Data synthesis involved rigorous methodological frameworks to mitigate bias and enhance the reliability of findings.

Results: The analysis encompassed 13 studies, revealing that the nursing workforce in NICUs is predominantly female, with a significant representation of younger professionals advocating for family-centered care (FCC). Key findings indicated that parental involvement not only enhances the quality of care but also fosters a collaborative environment between nurses and families. Training programs emphasizing FCC principles were associated with improved caregiver confidence and satisfaction among healthcare professionals.

Conclusion: The transition to a family-centered care model in NICUs represents a paradigm shift in neonatal nursing practice. It emphasizes the necessity of integrating families into the caregiving process, promoting better outcomes for both infants and their families. Future interventions should focus on enhancing training and support for healthcare providers to effectively implement FCC principles, thereby improving the overall quality of neonatal care.