Novel Anesthetic Agent: Ciprofol an Alternative of Propofol-An Updated Review Article.

Abstract

Background: Anesthesia is crucial for minimizing pain and stress during medical procedures, with intravenous general anesthesia being the most common method due to its rapid onset, ease of control, and low irritability. Propofol, a widely used anesthetic, is known for its quick action but also for several adverse effects such as nausea, headaches, and cardiovascular issues. Ciprofol, a novel anesthetic agent, was introduced to address the limitations of propofol, including reducing the frequency of adverse drug reactions (ADRs).

Aim: This article provides an updated review of ciprofol, evaluating its structural features, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and clinical effectiveness as an alternative to propofol for sedation and anesthesia.

Methods: A review of preclinical and clinical trials, including Phase I, II, and III studies, is conducted to compare ciprofol’s sedative and anesthetic properties with those of propofol. Pharmacological interactions and safety profiles were assessed in various clinical settings.

Results: Ciprofol has demonstrated superior target selectivity and affinity for the GABAA receptor compared to propofol, leading to more efficient sedation and anesthesia at lower doses. Clinical trials in procedures such as colonoscopy, gastroscopy, and bronchoscopy show that ciprofol provides faster onset, comparable sedation duration, and higher patient satisfaction relative to propofol. The drug also exhibits a lower incidence of adverse effects like cardiovascular and respiratory depression.

Conclusion: Ciprofol is a promising alternative to propofol, offering a safer profile with fewer ADRs and more effective sedation at lower doses. Its clinical application in sedation for gastrointestinal endoscopy and anesthesia in surgeries shows promising results, positioning it as a potential mainstay in anesthesia practice.