The Role of Telehealth Nursing in the Management of Chronic Diseases During Pandemics: Review of Efficacy and Outcomes

Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted healthcare delivery, necessitating innovative approaches to manage chronic diseases. Telehealth nursing has emerged as a crucial modality for providing care to individuals with chronic conditions, enabling safe and effective management while minimizing infection risks.

Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effectiveness of telehealth interventions in managing chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, and rheumatoid arthritis. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed, Cochrane, and CINAHL, for studies published up to 2023. The review focused on telemedicine consultations and telemonitoring as primary intervention strategies.

Results: The review included 15 studies that assessed the impact of telehealth on chronic disease management. Findings indicated that telehealth interventions significantly improved clinical outcomes, including reduced systolic blood pressure in hypertensive patients and improved glycemic control in diabetic patients, particularly after extended intervention periods. Telehealth also positively impacted medication adherence and emotional well-being in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis.

Conclusion: Telehealth nursing represents a valuable resource for managing chronic diseases, particularly during pandemics. It enhances patient engagement, facilitates timely interventions, and improves clinical

outcomes. The study underscores the need for healthcare systems to integrate telehealth into routine chronic disease management practices to better support patients and optimize healthcare delivery.