The Role of Laboratory Teams and Biomarkers in the Diagnosis and Management of Psychological Disorders Associated with Long COVID: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted global health, with a significant number of survivors experiencing persistent symptoms, termed "long COVID" (LC). Understanding the role of biomarkers and laboratory teams in diagnosing and managing psychological disorders associated with LC is crucial for improving patient outcomes.

Methods: This review synthesizes existing literature on the epidemiology, laboratory findings, and biomarkers related to long COVID. We analyzed data from numerous studies focusing on the prevalence of psychological symptoms among LC patients, the laboratory markers indicative of systemic inflammation, and the immunological profiles that might underlie these symptoms.

Results: Long COVID affects approximately 10% of individuals post-infection, with a higher prevalence among hospitalized patients. Key laboratory findings include elevated levels of inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and D-dimer, which are associated with both physical and psychological symptoms. Immunological dysregulation, characterized by alterations in T and B cell populations, has also been observed in LC patients. These findings suggest a multifaceted pathology that may contribute to the psychological burden experienced by survivors.

Conclusion: The intersection of biomarkers, psychological disorders, and long COVID underscores the need for interdisciplinary approaches in patient care. Laboratory teams play a vital role in identifying biomarkers that can inform treatment strategies and guide clinical decisions. Future research should focus on the development of standardized diagnostic criteria and effective therapeutic interventions to address the long-term effects of COVID-19 on mental health.