Advancements in Three-Dimensional Printing Technology: Implications for Radiological Assessment and Management of Cardiovascular Diseases

Abstract

Background: The advent of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has markedly transformed medical practice, particularly in the field of cardiovascular diseases. 3D printed models facilitate better understanding and management of complex anatomical structures, enabling personalized treatment strategies.

Methods: This review synthesizes recent literature on the application of 3D printing in cardiovascular medicine, focusing on its utility in congenital heart disease (CHD) and other cardiovascular disorders. A comprehensive search was conducted across multiple databases to identify case reports, systematic reviews, and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that highlight the efficacy of 3D printed models in preoperative planning, education, and clinical outcomes.

Results: The findings reveal that 3D printed models significantly enhance surgical planning and intraoperative navigation, particularly in CHD cases. Evidence from systematic reviews indicates improved educational outcomes for medical students and residents, as well as enhanced communication between healthcare providers and patients. However, the current literature is predominantly comprised of case studies and lacks extensive multicenter RCTs, limiting broader applicability.

Conclusion: 3D printing represents a burgeoning frontier in cardiovascular medicine, demonstrating substantial potential for improving surgical precision and patient outcomes. Future research should aim to address existing limitations, including cost-effectiveness and the development of dynamic models that accurately replicate physiological conditions. As technology advances, 3D printing could become integral to routine clinical practice in managing cardiovascular diseases.