Antimicrobial Stewardship: A Global Burden of Antimicrobial Resistance and The Effective Role of Pharmacists, Nursing, And Epidemiology Professionals

Abstract

Background: The emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) presents a significant global health crisis, compromising the efficacy of antibiotics that are critical for infection control, cancer chemotherapy, and advanced surgical procedures. Despite past advancements in antibiotic development, progress has slowed, emphasizing the urgent need for antimicrobial stewardship (AMS).

Aim: This article explores the importance of AMS in mitigating AMR and highlights the roles of pharmacists, nursing, and epidemiology professionals in this endeavor.

Methods: A comprehensive review of AMS frameworks, strategies, and interventions was conducted, focusing on core program elements such as leadership, accountability, education, and targeted actions. Key metrics, including antimicrobial usage and resistance patterns, were evaluated to assess stewardship effectiveness.

Results: AMS programs have been instrumental in reducing inappropriate antibiotic use, improving patient outcomes, and minimizing AMR. Healthcare practitioners play a pivotal role in these initiatives, implementing strategies like pre-authorization, prospective audits, and tailored treatment protocols. Data from organizations like the CDC demonstrate the impact of AMS, with significant reductions in antibiotic-resistant infections and associated mortality.

Conclusion: AMS is essential for preserving the effectiveness of antibiotics, reducing healthcare costs, and combating AMR. Success depends on multidisciplinary collaboration, continuous education, and robust leadership. Strengthening AMS initiatives across healthcare and agricultural sectors is vital to safeguarding global health.