Privacy Protection in Big Data Health Analytics: A Comprehensive Review of Challenges and Solutions

Abstract

Background: The emergence of big data and Health Information Systems (HISs) has revolutionized healthcare delivery by improving data management and supporting clinical decision-making processes. However, this transition to digital platforms has introduced significant concerns surrounding the privacy and security of patient health data.

Methods: This systematic literature review investigates various technological solutions utilized in HISs, focusing on their effectiveness in protecting patient data. The review examines studies from several databases, including Scopus and PubMed, highlighting key privacy-preserving technologies such as blockchain, mobile health applications, the Internet of Things (IoT), and cloud computing.

Results: Findings reveal that while these technologies enhance data accessibility and operational efficiency, they also introduce distinct security risks, including unauthorized access and data breaches. The results underscore the importance of developing comprehensive frameworks that prioritize patient privacy and security, in alignment with regulations such as HIPAA in the U.S. and GDPR in Europe.

Conclusion: The review concludes that the implementation of advanced security protocols, ongoing staff education, and adherence to regulatory standards are critical to fostering patient trust and safeguarding the confidentiality of health data in the context of big data.