Obesity and Orthopedic Disorders: An Overview, Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Public Health, Pharmacological Treatment, and Nursing Intervention Protocols.

Abstract

Background: Obesity is a significant public health issue, with increasing prevalence across the globe. It contributes to numerous comorbidities, including various orthopedic disorders, significantly impacting public health and quality of life. Obesity influences orthopedic health through both biomechanical and metabolic mechanisms, leading to conditions such as osteoarthritis, soft tissue injuries, and fractures. This complex relationship between obesity and orthopedic disorders necessitates a multifaceted approach to diagnosis and treatment, including pharmacological interventions, non-pharmacological strategies, and nursing care protocols.

Aim: This article explores the impact of obesity on orthopedic disorders, addressing its epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment, and nursing intervention protocols. It aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between obesity and orthopedic issues, highlighting the need for an integrated healthcare approach.

Methods: The review synthesizes data from epidemiological studies, clinical trials, and expert guidelines to provide an overview of obesity-related orthopedic disorders. Key areas examined include the biomechanical impacts of obesity, metabolic effects, and the role of various diagnostic and treatment modalities in managing these conditions. The article also discusses the role of nursing and interprofessional teams in optimizing patient care.

Results: Obesity is identified as a significant risk factor for osteoarthritis, soft tissue injuries, and fractures, with increased BMI correlating with joint degeneration and musculoskeletal stress. Pharmacological treatments, including orlistat and GLP-1 receptor agonists, are effective in managing obesity, while non-pharmacological interventions, such as dietary changes, exercise, and behavioral therapy, form the cornerstone of treatment. Interprofessional care, including nursing interventions, plays a critical role in managing obesity-related orthopedic issues.

Conclusion: Obesity-related orthopedic disorders require a comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach to treatment. Both pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions are necessary to manage obesity and mitigate its impact on orthopedic health. The role of nurses in monitoring, educating, and supporting patients through lifestyle modifications and treatment adherence is crucial for optimal outcomes.