Ethical Considerations in the Implementation of Artificial Intelligence in Radiological Decision-Making: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Background: Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies are rapidly transforming the medical landscape, particularly in radiology, where they enhance diagnostic accuracy and efficiency. However, the integration of AI raises significant ethical concerns that necessitate thorough investigation. This review systematically explores the ethical implications of AI in radiological decision-making, focusing on issues such as informed consent, bias, and data privacy.

Methods: Employing a systematic literature review methodology, we analyzed academic publications from 2014 to 2023 using five prominent search engines: Google Scholar, Microsoft Academic, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science.

Results: Our findings indicate a growing consensus on the potential advantages of AI in improving analytical performance and patient care. However, we also identified critical challenges, including the risk of perpetuating existing biases and the necessity for robust ethical frameworks. Key ethical principles such as beneficence, justice, and autonomy were examined, revealing a need for interdisciplinary approaches to address these complexities. The review highlights the inadequacy of current frameworks in addressing systemic biases and emphasizes the importance of integrating diverse perspectives in AI development and deployment.

Conclusion: In conclusion, while AI holds substantial promise for enhancing radiological practices, its ethical implications must be rigorously addressed to ensure equitable and responsible use. Future research should focus on developing comprehensive ethical guidelines that incorporate social values and address the intersectionality of identity factors in AI applications.