Patellofemoral Syndrome: An Overview for Physical Therapists and Nursing Interventions

Abstract

Background: Patellofemoral Syndrome (PFS), also known as runner's knee, is a leading cause of anterior knee pain, particularly among active individuals. It is characterized by diffuse discomfort around the front of the knee, which intensifies with activities that involve knee flexion. The condition often arises from biomechanical abnormalities, muscle imbalances, overuse, or trauma, but its exact etiology remains debated. PFS is a diagnosis of exclusion, and while conservative treatments are effective in most cases, persistent symptoms may require refined interventions.

Aim: This article aims to provide an overview of the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of PFS, with a focus on nursing interventions to alleviate pain, improve function, and promote recovery.

Methods: The article reviews current literature on PFS, with a focus on etiology, epidemiology, diagnostic approaches, and management strategies. Clinical features and diagnostic criteria are discussed, as well as the role of physical therapy and nursing interventions.

Results: Conservative management of PFS, including physical therapy, activity modification, and pain management, is highly effective in most cases. In patients with persistent symptoms, interventions like patellar taping, strength exercises, and biomechanical correction are recommended. A patient-specific approach is critical for optimal outcomes.

Conclusion: Effective management of PFS requires early diagnosis, accurate treatment protocols, and individualized care. Nursing interventions, including pain management, activity modifications, and facilitating rehabilitation exercises, play a vital role in improving patient outcomes