Supraclavicular Block in Regional Anesthesia: A Comprehensive Overview and Role of Nursing Interventions

Abstract

Background: The supraclavicular block is a regional anesthesia technique frequently used for upper extremity surgeries. Its resurgence in popularity is attributed to the integration of ultrasound guidance, which enhances procedural safety and efficacy. This block offers rapid onset and effective anesthesia due to the compact arrangement of the brachial plexus nerves at the targeted site.

Aim: This article provides a comprehensive overview of the supraclavicular block, its clinical significance, associated risks, and the critical role of nursing interventions in ensuring procedural success and patient safety.

Methods:A review of the supraclavicular block was conducted, focusing on its anatomy, indications, contraindications, procedural techniques, and complications. The article also highlights advancements in ultrasound guidance and its impact on procedural outcomes. Case studies and recent clinical findings were reviewed to underscore the block’s efficacy and safety.

Results: The integration of ultrasound guidance has significantly improved the safety of the supraclavicular block by reducing complications such as pneumothorax and vascular injury. Studies demonstrate an average procedure duration of 4 minutes, with postoperative analgesia lasting approximately 437 minutes. The block’s efficacy extends to a wide range of upper extremity surgeries with minimal risks when performed by trained professionals. Nursing staff play a pivotal role in patient preparation, equipment management, and postoperative monitoring, contributing to the overall success of the procedure.

Conclusion: The supraclavicular block is a reliable and efficient regional anesthesia technique, particularly when enhanced by ultrasound guidance. It provides excellent anesthetic coverage with minimal risks, making it a preferred choice for upper extremity surgeries. Nursing interventions are integral to optimizing patient outcomes, emphasizing the need for interprofessional collaboration and continuous training.