Dental Development and Associated Anomalies: An Updated Review
Main Article Content
Abstract
Background: Dental development is a complex biological process governed by genetic and environmental factors, leading to various dental anomalies. These anomalies, such as dens evaginatus, dens invaginatus, amelogenesis imperfecta, and dentinogenesis imperfecta, disrupt normal tooth formation and can cause significant oral health challenges. The pathophysiology of these anomalies is closely linked to developmental disruptions during odontogenesis, resulting in structural and functional tooth defects.
Aim: This review aims to provide an updated overview of the developmental anomalies in dental formation, with a focus on their etiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and management. The review examines the various anomalies, their epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment options.
Methods: The review synthesizes existing literature on dental anomalies, including articles on dens evaginatus, dens invaginatus, amelogenesis imperfecta, and dentinogenesis imperfecta. It outlines their clinical features, genetic basis, prevalence, and treatment approaches. Data from various epidemiological studies and clinical reports were analyzed to present a comprehensive understanding of these conditions.
Results: The prevalence of these anomalies varies, with dens evaginatus affecting 1% to 6% of the population and amelogenesis imperfecta occurring in approximately 1 in 700 to 1 in 14,000 live births. Treatment strategies for these conditions include a multidisciplinary approach, utilizing radiographic imaging, restorative procedures, and genetic counseling. Early diagnosis and intervention are essential to managing these conditions effectively.
Conclusion: Dental anomalies related to developmental disruptions can present significant challenges in clinical practice. Early detection and personalized management strategies are critical for improving oral health outcomes. Continued research into the genetic basis and effective treatments for these conditions is necessary to enhance patient care.